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MCAT 2015 Q.1) Will the Syllabus for MCAT 2015 be the same or will it be changed? Answer:  Most probably the syllabus of MCAT 2015 will be the same as that of MCAT 2014 and 2013. This is because UHS administration selected the topics which are common to both FSc and A levels. If there will be any change most likely it will be in English portion and minor changes in the other portions.  So we advise the students that in the first go prepare the complete books, and when you are revising you can go through the topics that were in the syllabus last year. Later on when the syllabus is announced you can follow that. This way even if syllabus changes you would have learned the topics once, so it wont take much time to prepare them again.  To access all the topics of MCAT 2014 visit the link:  MCAT Syllabus Q.2) Is there any deduction of marks for the repeaters? Answer: No, there isn't any such deduction for the repeaters. This is just a rumor which keeps on spreading, and ...

Resistors What are resistors?                               These are just like hurdles, as hurdles are placed to slow down racer on a track similarly resistors are placed in a circuit to slow the motion of electrons. As we define resistor as: �Any piece of wire or any device that resist the flow of current is called resistor.� A german scientist Ohm gave ohms law to describe relation between current,resistance and voltage. V=IR   ----- eq (i) So when current increases resistance decreases and vice versa. Resistors are connected in following different combinations. Parallel Combination Series Combination Parallel Combination:                                    Parallel means side by side so when resistors are connected head to head this is called as parallel combination of resistors. As it is clear from the figure, cu...

                        NEPHRON  Human body is complex and not easy to understand completely until we understand its unit. Cell is the structural and fundamental unit of human body. By understanding cell, it is quite easy for us to understand human body.  Likewise, kidney also consist of small unit which combine together to form it. Nephron is functional unit of kidney.                      Types of Nephron: Cortical nephron Juxtamedullary nephron Cortical nephron:                         The nephrons which are arranged along cortex of kidney are called cortical nephrons. Cortical nephrons produce dilute urine.  Juxtamedullary nephron:                                      The nephron which are arrange...

Cell Structure  Introduction:              Cells were first described in 1665 by Robert Hooke, who designed one of the earliest Microscopes. He examined sections of cork that were composed of numerous box-like structures, which we now know as dead cells. As more materials were examined it became apparent that organisms are composed of Cells. This idea is embodied in the Cell Theory . Cell Theory was put forward by Schneider and Schwann in 1938, and it states: The cell is basic unit of life All organisms are made up of cells All cells arise from pre-existing cells: Mitosis. On basis of cellular organization, organisms are divided into two categories: Eukaryotes: One having true, membrane bound nucleus, includes all plants, animals, fungi and Protoctists. Prokaryotes: One lacking true Nucleus. Its genetic material is a circular DNA molecule, which isn't enclosed by any membrane. Region where it resides is said as Nucleoid. It includes Bacteria. Eu...

Inverse of a Function In this Post I will discuss the method for finding the inverse of a given function from the 4 options as given in the Entrance tests of Engineering Universities. The very first step before finding the inverse is to make a check whether the function is One-to-One or not.  By One-to-One function we mean that function for example f(x) should not have the same value at two different values of x. In other words for each element of the Domain there should be a distinct element in the range. Check for One-to-One: A function which passes the horizontal line test is a One-to-One function. This means if a horizontal line is drawn it should not cross the function curve at more than one point. Another way to check if a function is One-to-One or not is shown below: If , f(a) = f(b) , implies that a=b , the given function is One-to-One. Consider the following examples: f(x) = 5x + 10 f(a) = 5a + 10 f(b) = 5b + 10 Taking f(a) = f(b) gives, 5a...

Respiratory System In Birds Respiratory system of birds is relatively different in mechanism and structure from mammals. They have most efficient respiratory system as they need continuous supply of oxygen due to high metabolic rate required for flight. Efficiency of birds respiratory system is because all the time fresh air is supplied to �Parabronchi� , the site for exchange of gasses(birds don�t have alveoli in their lungs as in mammals rather have these tiny passages opened at both end, connected to air sacs on both sides ).  Anatomy of avian show unique respiratory system adaptations. Avian lungs are small as compared to mammals. Most of volume is occupied by air sacs and parabronchi are the sites for gaseous exchange. Avian have larynx yet it does not have any role in voice production instead �Syrinx� in birds does the job and is called the voice box.  Air sacs (that are just extensions of lungs) have very thin walls with few blood vessels. So, they do...

Now the time has come when most of you are more worried about getting admission in medical or engineering colleges than your F.Sc. exams, and in a way I find it a good thing, after all these marks don�t matter once you are in a good university. In entrance test, one�s knowledge, concepts, ability to grasp a concept in least given time are tested. More importantly, concepts and open mindedness are at the top of the priority lists in any test. Questions are always easy, but they are twirled and twisted in such a way that you miss the true sense of the question and fail to understand it. So writing in general for all the entrance tests, I would say that going through the books all night, especially before the exam and stuffing your head with helping books won�t get you anywhere as compared to reading the text books carefully and thoroughly, solving some good questions on each topic and a good sleep before the test. Talking about the LUMS entrance test, most of you must have applied for b...